STI has been pretty decent since around 1996 but there have been blips. Shimano with their roadie style brake lever shifting and Sram using plastic components that bent inside the cheaper shifters causing a right faff.
Using thumbies in friction mode is only really any good with with old non hyperglide cassettes/ freewheels. The clunk-clunk-clunk-click from the back end would tell you where the chain was.
As riding got faster, shifting needed to get quicker so as the the sprockets narrowed, STI allowed for faster down shifts. 10spd is near instantaneous whereas using a thumbie would have to allow for physical shifting time for that barrel to move round and enable the cable to move.
On my 7spd thumbie equipped bike, shifting takes a good while longer than the 10spd sti. You cant make it any quicker even under prefect cable/shifting conditions simply because the rear mech has to trvel further. Even though its just barely a few bits of a millimetre, it makes all the difference between 'old' and 'modern' shifting.
The good thing is that it pretty much all fits on just about any frame you care to chose so if theres nothing modern that floats your boat, theres pletty washing around that should.
But then theres mud and 10/11 spd cassettes,
thick claggy mud
narrow chains
premature wear
etc etc