sometimes chainrings etc wear into spikes like your jockey wheels did, other times the teeth become slightly hooked, and won't easily let go of the chain (when the chain is coming off the bottom of the chainring headed towards the rear mech pulleys.
I had chainsuck issues on a chainset, so checked the chain, it was worn, so fitted a new chain and couldn't even pedal a few metres without getting chainsuck! the chainring just wouldn't release the new chain. One new chainring later and problem solved. When i looked closely at the chainring the teeth had become hooked one way, it wasn't a huge issue (more annoying) with the sloppy old chain, but the new chain just wouldn't work with the worn chainring at all.
Assuming you have the correct speed chain, I'd wait for the new chainring to arrive and fit both together.