I agree Gravel is a marketing term. It's also a catch all term for a way of riding that's been around pretty much from the start and has certainly seen specialist styles of bikes evolve in the past.
French Randonneur bikes, with 650b wheels. British Rough Stuff Fellowship, who were probably talking to their builders about clearances and strengthening their frames in certain areas. Japanese Pass Hunters. Early American Mountain Bikers, a considerable number of who rode on drops.
I don't mind the term. I guess it comes from the fact that when it began to be revived in the states, it was being largely done on gravel fire roads? Jan Heine of Bicycle Quaterly and inheritor of the René Herse brand was pushing the All Road name for a while, but I think Gravel has stuck for better or worse.
I'd agree on Cantis over calipers. I previously had a road bike that could accommodate up to 30s, but anything over 25 would clog up at the slightest bit of mud. I replaced the frame with a late 90s Roberts Clubman, which took a while to find and can only go up to about 32. You might be able to get a Dawes Galaxy or similar Peugeot cheaper and easier. Maybe with even better clearances? Or you could just go down the route of many on here and just build up a mid 80s/ early 90s Mountain Bike if you want the bigger tyres, yet maybe mudguard and rack braze ons. I wanted something that I could do Audux on.