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700C road bicycle wheels / ISO 622mm
700C front wheel
Plastic BMX wheel
Touring, race, and cyclo-cross bicycles may have vastly different design goals for their wheels. The lightest possible weight and optimum aerodynamic performance are beneficial for road bicycles, while for cyclo-cross strength gains importance, and for touring bicycles strength becomes even more important. However this diameter of rim, identical in diameter to the "29er" rim, is by far the most common on these styles of bicycles. It rolls more easily than smaller diameter tires. Road wheels may be designed for tubular or clincher tires, commonly referred to as "700C" tires.
Mountain bike wheels
A 29" and 26" mountain bike wheel
Mountain bike wheels are described by the approximate outer diameter of the wheel plus a wide, ~2 inch tire.
26 inch / ISO 559mm
26-inch clincher tires (with inner tubes) are the most common wheel size for mountain bikes. This tradition was started initially because the early mountain bike pioneers procured the wheels for their early bikes from American-made bicycles rather than the larger European standards in use. The typical 26-inch rim has a diameter of 559 mm (22.0") and an outside tire diameter of about 26.2" (665 mm).
27.5 inch / ISO 584mm / 650B
Main article: 27.5 Mountain bike
27.5-inch mountain bike wheels (which some also refer to as 650B) use a rim that has a diameter of 584 mm (23.0") with wide, knobby tires (~27.5 x 2.3 / ISO 58-584) are approximately the midway point between the 26-inch (ISO-559mm) and the 29-inch (ISO-622mm) standards. They carry some of the advantages of both formats, with a smoother ride than a 26 inch wheel and more stiffness and durability than a 29" wheel. As 27.5-inch wheels have just started to be embraced by larger manufacturers, one of the primary disadvantages has been a reduced selection of compatible frames and forks. However, an increased availability of 27.5-inch forks, wheels, tires and tubes is expected in 2013.
29 inch / ISO 622mm / 700C
Main article: 29er (bicycle)
“29-inch wheels”, which also conform to the popular 700C (622 mm diameter clincher) wheel standard are becoming more popular for not only cyclocross bikes but also cross-country mountain bikes. Their rim diameter of 622 mm (~24.5 inch) is identical to most road, hybrid, and touring bicycle wheels, but are typically reinforced for greater durability in off-road riding. The average 29-inch mountain bike tire has an outside diameter of about 28.5" (724 mm).