This
http://eehouse.org/fixin/formfmu.php has been posted, but in my experience it gives you a good indication at best where to start finding a Magic Gear. If you don't have the published chain stay length from the bike manufactuer, then trying to measure it accuratly with a ruler will give you a starting ball park figure. When you've plugged in the info, then try these practicle tips to finalise your Magic Gear:
- put your wanted chain-ring on.
- get your wanted chain ready.
- set up the spacers closest to the hub to give you a reasonable chain line.
- play with old sprockets from a cassette first by simply seeing
if the chain will more or less join. Old 6/7 speed Uniglide road corn-cob cassettes are perfet for trying and perfectly rideable in SS mode.
- if it looks alright, put the remaining spacers on, tighten it all up.
- break the chain to right length and fit it.
- Pop the wheel back in.
If the chain is a fraction too slack, a new SS cog of the same teeth will tighten it up nicely. They have a slightly larger diameter, along with taller teeth.
If the chain is too tight - the wheel won't even engage or marked locking points when you turn the cranks, file a bit from the hub axel - and I mean a bit - so the rear wheel can move forward slightly. See Saint Sheldon:
http://www.sheldonbrown.com/singlespeed.html
OR if you are not keen on filling, get your chain back on a normal bike, do a few 100 miles, then try again with the added chain stretch. Riding with no oil will speed up the process :!:
DON'T file the frame unless you are really settled on that Magic Gear on that bike.
Bear in mind that what is seemingly a very tight chain will actually loosen very quick after a few rides in SS mode. Putting new chains on first that seem perfect with a magic gear can quickly lead to a disappointing sloppy chain after a few rides.
If the above doesn't work,
then try a chain tensioner. I've had no success really faffing with half-links - but that's just me.
This procedure is not recommended if you planning a visit to the velodrome, but it get's you going on the cheap and plenty good enough for getting a retro conversion started.
I've even heard people having custom chain stay lengths with vertical drop-outs using the above principals since there's no faffing with EBB or fiddling with sliding drop-outs when using disk brakes.