To go from 1/4 to 1" you'd need some 1 1/8" x 0.125" wall tube, giving a 7/8" (22.2mm) internal diameter.
Sadly that's very much a US spec. not easily available in the UK in small lengths...12ft+ no problem.
UK imperial tube is easy to get, but generally has crap SWG wall thicknesses that do not give useful internal bores.
Nearest you'll get in UK is 1 1/8" x 10SWG, which has a 22.0mm bore, so will need boring out by 0.2mm to fit your stem, then slitting.
Also, you'd need a lot of torque on the bolt to exert enough expanding force to flex a shim that thick and also grip the extra friction surfaces involved.
I have tube suitable to make a 1 1/8" to 1 1/4" quill stem steerer shim (28.6 OD, 25.4ID) if needed, few quid + post, probably.
Most of the commercially available ones around these days are made short (30-35mm) to fit inside ahead stems, and would not be long enough to support a quill stem, where you'd need around 80mm of engagement. More like a seatpost shim length is needed.
All the best,