There are many such documents (but thanks for another): 1983 French Catalog, advertisements, dealer circulars. This program existed formally for many years, and possibly informally before that.
I wish I knew what the serial numbers mean. Mine indicates no date or partial date. It's 100-(something). Number one thousand something in a sequence that began at an unknown time. If the bike has not been altered the components can help with the date. In my case, I could tell that the headset was original: The grease was practically petrified, and the other parts are both costly and identical to those listed in the catalog. An A9 headset means 1984-85; a D8 would be 1981-3. If it's Campagnolo or other brand you can't rely on it because it was a replacement.